Windows 11 has no driver for USBTMC (class FEh), so Rigol and Siglent scopes land in "Other devices" until ausbtmc.sys arrives with a VISA. What Rigol's Ultra Sigma zip really installs (NI-VISA 5.4.1 from 2014), the VID:PID of each scope, and why Owon needs its own libusb driver.
What claims a CH9102 or CH343 on each macOS and Linux version, the Linux 6.8 to 6.19 BREAK gap on the CH343 and the kernels that close it, brltty 6.7 and ModemManager, WCH's ch343 driver mirrored with its checksum, and the macOS usbmodem vs wchusbserial upload failure.
What binds an FT232R on each macOS and Linux version, the first kernel that knew each FTDI chip, FTDI's 1.6.0 dext with verified checksums of the archived packages, and the fix for each failure.
CMSIS-DAP v1 is a HID device, v2 is WinUSB, and a WCH-LinkE changes USB ID with its mode (1A86:8010 RISC-V, 1A86:8012 ARM). What Device Manager shows for each, which driver, if any, to install, which of OpenOCD, pyOCD, Keil, MounRiver and probe-rs sees each probe, the hosted OpenOCD build with SHA-256, and the five forum failures explained.
Linux has the ch341 driver in the kernel since 2.6.24 and macOS binds the CH340 with Apple's own driver since 10.14. A table of what binds 1A86:7523 on each system, the three drivers inside WCH's V2.1 macOS package (mirrored, SHA-256), the Ubuntu 22.04 brltty bug that still steals the port, and the fix for each failure.
25 ESP32 boards checked against their schematics: the USB bridge chip on each (CP2102N, CH340C, CH9102F, FT2232HL or native USB), its Hardware Id, what Device Manager calls it and which driver to install on Windows 11.
MediaTek USB VCOM 3.0.1504.0 is on the Microsoft Update Catalog, signed by Microsoft: which of the 3 packages works on Windows 11 (SHA-256 here), the name of each 0E8D port from the INF, and the mtkclient USB change of 12 Oct 2026.
Qualcomm now publishes the QDLoader 9008 driver signed on GitHub (QUD 1.00.94.13, SHA-256 here). Device Manager name of every 05C6 port (9008, 900E, 9091, 901D, 90DB) from the INF files, how to force EDL, and which driver QFIL, qdl and edl expect.
Where to read a device's USB VID:PID on Windows, Linux and macOS, a lookup table of 53 bench devices (CH340, CP2102, FTDI, PL2303, ST-Link, J-Link, TL866II, Pico, ESP32-S3, Saleae, Hantek) with the driver each one needs, and six cases where the number says less than you think.
A Raspberry Pi Pico that shows nothing in Device Manager, or shows up but never mounts an RPI-RP2 drive, is almost never a dead…